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Duffield, Derbyshire history


Early history

A palaeolithic hand axe has been discovered near the head of the River Ecclesbourne at Hopton. There have been humans in the area, probably, from the Iron Age. In the Duffield area itself, settlement by the Celts occurred in 400BCE. It has been suggested that they built a fort to protect the ford across which caravans of lead from Wirksworth joined Rykneld Street at Derby.

Anglo Saxon settlement

Domesday Survey records “Duvelle” as being within the wapentake or hundred of Morleystone. In Norman times, Duffield Castle was built to protect hunting grounds of Duffield Frith. St Alkmunds Church was built some quarter of a mile south.

Norman invasion

For many centuries, Duffield was by far the largest centre of population in the parish. Following the rebellion by Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby his lands became part of the Duchy of Lancaster until the reign of Charles I.

Medieval

The first school in Duffield was Duffield Boys’ Endowed School, now known as the William Gilbert School. The medieval manor was replaced in about 1620 when Duffield Hall was built. A notable resident in the sixteenth century was Anthony Bradshaw who erected a monument in the Church to himself and his large family.

Nineteenth century

The major activity up to the nineteenth century was agriculture. There were two cattle-fairs; the Thursday after New Year’s Day, and 1 March. The biggest change came with the coming of the North Midland Railway which passed through from 1840.

Twentieth century

For such a small village, Duffield seems to have been well served with public houses. Near the church was the White Lion and nearby on the main road at the south, there was the Noah’s Ark, a coaching inn. The coming of Rolls-Royce in the 1910s brought further expansion with even bigger houses up Hazlewood Road, and council-provided housing along Holloway Road.

  

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